kuvertii
An email header is a shipping label with the interesting parts written in a language nobody reads — and the body carries the links you would actually click. Paste the whole message in.
Where to find the raw message
On a computer
- Gmail — ⋮ → Show original
- Apple Mail — View → Message → Raw Source
- Outlook — File → Properties → Internet headers
- Thunderbird — Ctrl+U
On a phone
No mail app on a phone shows a raw message, so each of these is a detour around the app rather than a setting inside it.
- iPhone Mail has no raw view. Drag the message onto a minimised compose window: it attaches as an
.emlyou can save to Files and open here. On an iPad, drag it into Files in Split View. - The Gmail app has no Show original. Open
mail.google.comin the browser, request the desktop site, then ⋮ → Show original → Download original. - The Outlook app has none either. Outlook on the web, desktop site → More actions → Save as →
.eml. - Proton's app has ⋮ → View headers → Share. That gives the header alone, so every body finding will be missing.
What this finds
- Who it was really addressed to
- Your address is usually in
To:once and encoded three more times — in the unsubscribe token, the bounce address, and mailer fields stored backwards so they do not read as text. - Who else was shown your address
- Everyone in
ToandCccan read every other name there. Sent to a crowd, the message hands each of them the whole list —Bccexists so that this does not happen. - That your copy is yours alone
- Bulk mail is not sent to a list, it is sent to you specifically. Every reply, bounce, click and unsubscribe maps back to your address by design — and the sending platform is named, so you can see which system holds a record about you.
- Which list you are on
- The list identifier is chosen internally and never meant to be read. Segment names like
reactivation-90dsay plainly how you have been filed. - The machine that wrote it
- Client IP, mail program and timezone, where the sender left them. The same fields your own client writes into everything you send.
- Where the unsubscribe link actually goes
- Decoded from the link, not by visiting it — plus the structural tells that separate a real opt-out from a credential trap.
- What the authentication results are worth
- SPF, DKIM and DMARC ask whether a server may send for a domain. They never ask whether the mail is honest. Spam passes all three every day — and a signature can cover only the first few hundred bytes, leaving the rest free to be rewritten.
- The route it took
- Read from the bottom up, the first hop is the machine that generated the message — often an API call from a datacentre, not the brand on the envelope.
- Where the links in the body go
- The words of a link and its destination are written independently. Text naming one domain over a link that leaves for another, in-mail forms, bare IPs and lookalike hosts — read out of the message, never clicked.
- What reading and clicking reveals
- Tracking pixels named with the host they report to, your own address found inside the links — open, encoded, or hashed — and header ids that recur in a link, tying the message in your mailbox to your click. Nothing is loaded.
- What travels attached
- Attachments inventoried by name, type and size — double extensions and type-vs-bytes mismatches called out. Never opened beyond the first bytes, and links only the HTML version carries get their own card.